After an accident: what to do and what to expect

Your state's insurance regulator

At the scene

1. Check for injuries and call 911 if anyone is hurt. Move to a safe place if you can.
2. Exchange names, contact details, insurance information and vehicle details with the other driver.
3. Take photos of vehicles, the road, plates and any damage. Note the time and location.
4. Call the police if your state requires a report or if anyone is injured. Reporting thresholds vary by state.
5. Avoid guessing about fault at the scene. Stick to facts.

Contacting your insurer

1. Report the crash to your insurer promptly. Many policies require prompt notice.
2. Have your policy number, the other driver's details and any police report number ready.
3. Ask what coverages apply: collision, liability, rental reimbursement, and any no-fault or medical benefits in your state.
4. Keep records of every call, claim number and receipt.

How your state's claim system matters

In fault-based states, the at-fault driver's liability coverage pays the other party. In no-fault states such as Florida, New York, Michigan, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Utah, Kansas, North Dakota, Hawaii and the District of Columbia, your own policy pays certain medical costs first. New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Kentucky let drivers choose how much of their right to sue to keep.

Some states also require you to show proof of insurance after a collision. California, for example, requires evidence of insurance to be provided when a vehicle is involved in a collision (California DMV).

If you disagree with a decision

Ask your insurer for an explanation in writing. If you still have a problem, your state insurance department can answer questions and take complaints. The NAIC directory links to each one.